Menene rarrabuwa na surfactants?

Dangane da nau'in ions da aka kirkira, ana iya raba su Suri, Surfacts zuwa rukuni hudu: anionic, haditteronic, zwittersionic da ba da ba.

Anionic surfactants

① soaps

Salt ne na mafi girman mai kitse, tare da janar na janar: (rcoo) nm. Kitsy hydrocarbon R yana da dogon sarkar 11 zuwa 17 carbons, da kuma seleci acid, oleic acid sun zama ruwan dare gama gari. Dangane da abubuwa daban-daban wadanda suke wakilta ta M, ana iya kasu zuwa soaps na alkali, alkaline duniya soaps da soaps na kwayoyin halitta. Dukkansu suna da kyawawan kaddarorin emulsification da ikon watsa mai. Amma ana iya lalata su a sauƙaƙe. Hakanan za a lalata sabulu a cikin alli da kuma salts magnesium, da onellyy na iya haifar da salting.

AlKali Sakatar Karfe: O / W

Alkaline duniya soaps: w / o

Amine SOAPS: soaps Trihechanno

② sulfates ro-so3-m

Akasari mai mai da mafi mawuyacin barasa sulfates. Sarkar kitsewar hydrocarbon r yana tsakanin carbons 12 da 18. Wakilin mai magani yana da mai castor mai, wanda aka fi sani da na Turkish ja. Addty barasa na sulfate sun hada da sodium docycy sullate (SDS, sodium barasa barasa polyoxyethylene ether sulfate (AES). SDS yana da ƙarfin emulsification, yana da tabbaci, kuma ya fi jure wa acid, calcium, da magnesium. A cikin kantin magani, zai iya samar da hazo tare da wasu magungunan cimogs na mukamin ƙwayoyin cuta, kuma ana amfani da shi azaman maganin shafawa ko narkewa mai ƙarfi shirye-shirye kamar Allunan. Sodium Fety barasa polyoxyethylene pherhate (AES) yana da ikon cire ruwa mai wahala, kuma yana da tasirin cirewar mai.

③ sulfonates r-so3-m

Wannan rukuni ya hada da alkyalin sulfatic, da alyl Aryl sulfonates, da alkylis naphthalene surafonates. Skillagewar su ruwa da acid da alli da magnesium suriya suna dan zama mafi muni da sulfatees, amma ba a sauƙin hydrally mafita. Aliphatic sulfonates sun hada da: sodium sakandl albyl sulfonate (SAS-60), Sodium Dioctlyl Ethocylate Surfonate (MES), sodium dioctlylate sulfonate (mes), sodium dioctlylate sulfonate (ALOS), sodium dioctlyate sulfonate (ALOS), sodium dioctlylate sulfonate (ALOS), sodium dioctlylate sulfonate (da sauransu, wanda ake iya amfani da shi azaman karfin shan taba magani Hanyoyi marasa baka; Sodium Dodecylbenzene sulfonate na alkyl Aryl sulfonas shine abin da aka yi amfani da shi sosai. Cholelitititititititititititititititititititititali kamar yadda ake amfani da sodium glyky da sodium taurochers don Monoglyceries da emulsifiers don mai a cikin hanji.

Cationic Surfactants

Surfacts tare da ingantaccen cajin ana kiransu Surfin Cationic. Cation, wanda kuma aka sani da sabulu mai kyau, yana taka rawar gani. Babban ɓangaren ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ce, wacce ta fito fili, da sauransu. Aikin Benzallium, kuma ya tabbata a sami kwanciyar hankali a cikin acidic da alkaline mafita. Saboda tasirin ƙwayar cuta, ana amfani da shi don kamuwa da fata, cututtukan mucous, za a iya amfani da su azaman ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin mafita na Ophthmalmm.

Amphoteric surfacts

Irin wannan nau'in surfactant yana da ingantattun ƙarfafan caji da mara kyau a cikin tsarin kwayoyin ta, kuma yana iya ba da kaddarorin cimic ko suratun anionic a cikin Media tare da dabi'u iri daban-daban.

Lecithin

Lechohin shine Surfactant na Zwitteronic na halitta, yafi dacewa daga waken soya da yolks kwai. Abubuwan da ake ciki na lecithin yana da matukar hadaddun kuma cakuda da yawa ne na mahara. Sakamakon kafofin daban-daban da tafiyar matakai na wannan, gwargwadon kowane bangare zai zama daban, kuma don haka aikin zai zama daban. Lecithizin yana da matukar kulawa da zafi, cikin sauki hydrolyzed a karkashin aikin acid, wanda ya fi ciki a cikin ruwa, kuma shine babban compororm don shirye-shiryen m emulsions da lipid microd micssions.

②amino acid Nau'in da nau'in Betoinee

Amino acid da bentaine sune Surfactic Surahateric Rednt, wanda aka shirya akilin amoniya, wanda aka sanya kayan kwalliya na amma'i, r-nh2 Halayensa sune: A cikin alkaline mai maganin shalan, yana da kaddarorin surfactants na anionic, tare da kyakkyawan foaming da illa. in acidic solution, it has the properties of cationic surfactants, with strong bactericidal ability, strong bactericidal effect and less toxicity than cationic surfactants.

Mahaifin Nunin

Mai kitse gliceries

Mafi yawan monoglyesies da mai acid diglycyles, kamar monostaate glyceryl. Insoluble cikin ruwa, mai sauƙin hydrolyzed cikin glycerol da mai, ba mai aiki sosai, darajar HLB na 3 zuwa 4, sau da yawa ana amfani dashi azaman w / o Rubuta emulsifier.

Sansrose mai kitse acid

Solrose ester na gajere, nasa ne nazarin Surfactant Surfactant na da baƙon abu ne wanda ba shi da tsummoki, ciki har da Monitter, da Polyester, da Polyester, da Polyester, da Polyester. Ana iya bazu cikin su cikin suchose da kitse acid a cikin jiki kuma ana amfani dashi. Halin HLB shine 5-13, sau da yawa ana amfani dashi azaman O / W emulsifier da watsawa, kuma ma an yi amfani da abincin da ake amfani da abinci.

Sortitan Faty acid

Yana da cakuda mahaɗan ESTER da aka samu ta hanyar Sorbittan da aka samu na Sorberban da ƙanshinsa da mayukan mai, kuma sunan kasuwancin shi ne. Saboda karfi lpoophilicity, ana amfani dashi azaman w / o emulsifier, tare da darajar HLB na 1.8-3.8, kuma ana amfani dashi sosai a cikin lotions da maganin shafawa. Koyaya, 'yan shekarun 20 da spa 40 ana amfani dasu azaman O / Wured emulsifiers a hade tare da tween.

Polysorbate

Yana da PolyoxYetthylene SortitBit Esty acter. A kan ragowar-ɗan Spari, an haɗa Polyoxyethyletene don samun fili na Enther, kuma sunan kasuwancinsa ne time. Wannan nau'in Surfactant sosai ya kara yawan hydrophilicity saboda ƙari na Hydrophilic Polyoxlethylene, zama wani surfactant ruwa-soluble surfactant. Darajar HLB ita ce 9.6-16.7, kuma ana amfani da shi azaman shuluna da O / W emulsifier.

Polyoxyethylene kity acter

Yana da ester da aka samar ta hanyar sananniyar polyethylene glycol da dogon sarkar kitse. Sunan ciniki Myrij ɗayansu ne. Wannan nau'in ruwa mai narkewa ne kuma yana da kaddarorin emulsification. Ana amfani da shi sau da yawa azaman O / W emulsifier da kuma somi.

Polyoxyethylene fatara barasa ether

Yana da etered eter da aka samar ta hanyar sananniyar polyethylene glycol da mai acid. Aikin kasuwancin Brija ɗayansu ne. Ana amfani da shi sau da yawa azaman O / W emulsifier da kuma somi.

Polyoxyethylene-polyoxypomer polymer

An kafa shi ta hanyar polymerization na Polyoxyethylene da Polyoxypropylene, wanda kuma aka sani da Poloxamer, kuma sunan ciniki shine pluronic.